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Mediterr J Rheumatol 2018;29(3):127-39
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Dry Eye Disease in Routine Rheumatology Practice
Sevastiani Ziaragkali1, Aggeliki Kotsalidou2, Nikolaos Trakos3
Authors Information

1. Postgraduate Student, Department of Rheumatology, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece

2. Rheumatologist, Department of Rheumatology, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece

3. Ophthalmic Surgeon, Head of Eyelids, Lacrimal & Orbital Department, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece; President of International Society of Dacryology & Dry Eye

Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most frequent ophthalmological conditions, with a major impact on patients’ quality of life. Tear film instability and tear hyperosmolarity are considered to play a crucial role in the vicious cycle of dry eye disease. They occur as a result of, either a reduced lacrimal secretion or an excessive evaporation from the tear film. There is a well-known association of DED, not only with autoimmune diseases but also with other systemic diseases and medication. Early diagnosis is important and it is based on the presence of classical symptoms and signs of dry eye in combination with specialized methods. The comprehension of the pathophysiology is significant, as different approaches can be taken to treat DED, depending on the cause and primary source of the disease, as well as on disease severity.

https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.29.3.127
Keywords: Dry Eye Disease, Ocular Surface, Sjögren’s Syndrome, Rheumatic Disease